Oman's Quest for Earthquake Resilience: A Comprehensive Approach
In the face of seismic threats, Oman is taking proactive steps towards a more resilient future. A groundbreaking research project, led by Dr. Abdullah Ansari at Sultan Qaboos University, has developed an advanced framework to enhance earthquake preparedness and support safer urban planning in the Sultanate. This initiative, titled 'Multicriteria Risk Assessment Framework for Enhancing Earthquake Preparedness for Urban Environment (M-RAFEEQ)', is a testament to Oman's commitment to safeguarding its citizens and infrastructure.
The project introduces a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based multi-criteria seismic risk assessment framework, a sophisticated tool that evaluates earthquake risk in urban environments. By integrating seismic, geotechnical, structural, environmental, and socio-economic parameters, the framework provides a comprehensive understanding of potential hazards. The case study of Al Seeb showcases the framework's capabilities, combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with GIS spatial modeling to produce detailed insights.
Dr. Ansari's research revealed significant variations in earthquake risk across Al Seeb. High-risk zones, such as Al Hail North and Old Al Khoudh, were identified due to weaker structural conditions, liquefaction-prone soils, and high urban density. In contrast, areas like Muscat Hills and Al Mouj demonstrated lower risk, attributed to stronger construction standards and more stable geotechnical conditions. The study's findings emphasize the critical role of geotechnical and structural characteristics in determining earthquake vulnerability.
One of the project's remarkable outcomes is the classification of the study area into five seismic risk categories, ranging from very low to very high. This classification empowers authorities to pinpoint priority areas for mitigation and preparedness. Economic analyses further underscored the potential financial consequences of future earthquakes, underscoring the necessity of proactive risk reduction measures.
Dr. Ansari's recommendations are comprehensive and forward-thinking. He suggests prioritizing the retrofitting of buildings in high-risk areas, ensuring that urban planning and development decisions incorporate seismic microzonation maps. Strengthening compliance with the Oman Seismic Code (OSC 2013) and expanding geotechnical investigations before new construction projects are also crucial. Additionally, improving accessibility to hospitals and emergency response facilities, regulating the location of industrial and fuel infrastructure, and promoting community awareness and resilience initiatives are proposed as essential steps.
The research findings have been published in three prestigious international peer-reviewed journals: Scientific Reports, Natural Hazards Review (American Society of Civil Engineers), and Modelling Earth Systems and Environment. This project's success is a testament to the collaborative efforts of Dr. Ansari, Dr. Issa El Hussain, Dr. Ahmed Deif, Dr. Adel M E Mohamed, Prof. Khalifa al Jabri, Yousuf al Shijbi, and international collaborators from South Korea, Norway, and Japan. The contributions of research assistants in data collection, analysis, and GIS-based mapping have been invaluable.
In conclusion, Oman's research project represents a significant step towards earthquake resilience. By adopting a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach, the country is poised to enhance its preparedness and support safer urban environments. This initiative not only aligns with Oman Vision 2040 but also contributes to the global goal of sustainable cities and communities, setting an example for other nations facing similar challenges.
